| Date: | 2005-2016 |
| Description: | Conditional cash transfer programme (CCT), known until 2009 as Red Solidaria. It retains the structure of Red Solidaria, maintaining the axes of human capital (cash transfers), basic services (expansion of local infrastructure) and income generation and productive development (microcredit programs and training with an emphasis on food security), and adding new transfers and a fourth component of territorial management to strengthen the local management of municipal governments and their communities. While the programme used to operate only in rural areas ( "Comunidades Solidarias Rurales"), from 2009 it is also implemented in urban areas ("Comunidades Solidarias Urbanas"). |
Characteristics
| Target population: | Extremely poor families with children under 21 years old and / or pregnant women living in municipalities with "severe" extreme poverty or in urban slums. |
| Geographic scale: | National |
| Targeting method: | 1) Geographic: 100 rural municipalities and 412 precarious urban settlements in 25 municipalities in conditions of extreme poverty. 2) Proxy means test: Extreme poverty level according to the Quality of Life Index of the Unique Registry of Participants (RUP) 3) Categorical: Criteria for program selection. |
| Instrument of selection: | Integrated Index of Municipal Marginality of the Poverty Map, for rural municipalities; Map of urban poverty and social exclusion for urban settlements; and the Quality of Life Index of the Unique Registry of Participants (RUP). |
| Registry of recipients: | Registry of Participating Families |
| Exit strategies or criteria: | Maximum period of time in the program: 3 years. Recertification every 10 years (with every new census). |
| Comments: | It covers 100 municipalities in "severe" and "high" extreme poverty, selected using the Integrated Index of Municipal Marginality (IIMM), which defines 4 groups with respect to extreme poverty. Means test does not apply to municipalities with "severe" extreme poverty. In Solidarity in Urban Communities, the intervention unit of the geographical targeting is not the municipality, but the precarious urban settlements. The program focuses on 412 precarious urban settlements in 25 municipalities that, according to the map of urban poverty and social exclusion, are in conditions of extreme poverty. Between 2006 and 2010 the programme got about Euro. 83.78 million in loans and grants from several institutions (the German Development Bank, KFW, European Community, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; AECID; Andalusian Agency for International Cooperation). As part of the transition to the "Familias SosteniblES" Poverty Eradication Strategy, as of 2017 families participate in a socio-family and community accompaniment component. |
Institutionality
| Legal framework: | Executive Decree 11 (2005); Executive Decree N° 56 (2009); Executive Decree N° 72 (2010) |
| Responsible organization(s): | Presidency of the Republic |
| Executing organization(s): | Technical Secretariat of the Presidency and the Social Investment Fund for Local Development (FISDL)/ The program has an institutional and operational scheme that includes a Board of Directors, chaired by the Technical Secretariat of the Presidency (STP), and composed of the Ministry of Education (MINED), Ministry of Health (MINSAL), Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG), FISDL, the National Administration of Aqueducts and Sewers (ANDA), the National Registry of Natural Persons, and the Multisectorial Investment Bank. It also has an Intersectorial Committee, with technical representatives from each of the previous institutions. In addition, in each of the municipalities the municipal government participates in a Municipal Coordination Committee, which also includes community leaders, representatives of the executing institutions (FISDL, MINED, MINSAL, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG), and others), family support NGOs and other local actors. |
| Responsible organization(s) for the registry of recipients: | The Unique Registry of Participants (RUP) is administered and executed by the Technical and Planning Secretariat of the Presidency (SETEPLAN). The Registry of Participating Families is administered and updated by the Social Investment Fund for Local Development (FISDL). |
| Source of funding: | World Bank (WB), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), other bilateral and multilateral sources |
1) Bono de educación (Education Bonus)
| Recipient(s): | Children between 5 and 15 years old (rural areas) Children between 6 and 15 years old (urban areas) |
| Mode of transfer: | Flat transfer (rural areas) Transfer according to the characteristics of the beneficiary (increases according to the school grade attended and the gender on urban areas residents) |
| Mode of delivery: | Cash delivery at public events |
| Periodicity of delivery: | Bimonthly |
| Recipient of the transfer: | Mother Direct beneficiary (starting in 7th grade on urban areas) |
| Maximum per household: | One transfer per household; Limits to the amount considering both bonuses (for rural areas) |
| Conditionalities: | Education: School enrollment and attendance for all school levels |
| Sanctions: | The transfer will be suspended if the beneficiary incurs more than four unexcused absences per month. |
| Comments: | Operates on Solidarity in Rural and Urban Communities. The urban areas supports considers amount for the transportation and a monthly saving since the third cycle (7th grade) until the end of the high school. |
| Amount : | US$ 15 per month. If the household receives both the education and the health bonus, the transfer is US$ 20 per month; see data Excel format |
2) Bono de salud (Health Bonus)
| Recipient(s): | Children 0 to 4 years old Pregnant / breastfeeding women |
| Mode of transfer: | Flat transfer |
| Mode of delivery: | Cash delivery at public events |
| Periodicity of delivery: | Bimonthly |
| Recipient of the transfer: | Mother |
| Maximum per household: | One transfer per household; Limits to the amount considering both bonuses (for rural areas) |
| Conditionalities: | Health: vaccination compliance; Attendance to weight and height controls; Attendance at prenatal controls. |
| Sanctions: | The transfer will be suspended if there is breach of two consecutive conditionalities or if there is breach of three during 12 months |
| Comments: | This bonus is only for Solidarity in Rural Communities |
| Amount : | US$ 15 per month. If the household receives both the education and the health bonus, the transfer is US$ 20 per month; see data Excel format |
3) Programa “Nuestros Mayores Derechos“ (“Our Elderly Rights“ programme)
| Recipient(s): | Adults over the age of 60 living in poverty (the “Universal Basic Pensión for Elderly“ is granted to adults over the age of 70 living in poverty) |
| Mode of transfer: | Flat transfer |
| Mode of delivery: | Cash delivery at public events |
| Periodicity of delivery: | Monthly |
| Recipient of the transfer: | Direct beneficiary |
| Comments: | Established in 2009. It can be complemented with another pension, own or inherited. This transfer is complemented by the following programs: "promotion of health and nutrition", literacy ("Learning together"), "exercising rights and citizenship", "recreating traditions and culture", "improving and fitting out spaces" and the "promotion of economic autonomy" program. |
| Amount : | US$ 50 monthly; see data Excel format |
4) Expansion of services and / or infrastructure: Axis II "Red de servicios básicos"
| Recipient(s): | Priority municipalities (rural areas) and urban slums |
| Comments: | Execution of differents projects according the residence zone. It has also opted for a gradual and progressive implementation through geographical targeting criteria. |
| Description: | In rural areas, it provides of basic infrastructure (rural roads and improvement of the housing and habitat) and basic services (water, energy, sanitation and street lights). For urban areas, this component seeks to improve the urban slums situation through the access to basic services, infraestructure and legalization of housing ownership. For suburban areas, it aims to improve access to basic services. |
5) Programa de Apoyo Temporal al Ingreso (Temporary Income Support Program) (PATI)
| Recipient(s): | Young people between 16 and 24 years without a formal employment |
| Mode of transfer: | Flat transfer |
| Periodicity of delivery: | Monthly (limited time of 6 months) |
| Recipient of the transfer: | Direct beneficiary |
| Maximum per household: | Does not have |
| Conditionalities: | Others: Attendance of 6 hours daily on work programmes |
| Comments: | Only for urban areas. Young women heads of households have priority. Young people who complete PATI, could choose to register in the National Network of Opportunities for Employment, of the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. |
| Description: | PATI considers an individual economic support during the six months of communtiy project, and a strenghtening of the employability through vocational training based on skills workshops of 80 hours of length |
Impacts on school entry of exposure since birth to a conditional cash transfer programme in El Salvador
| Author: | Sanchez, A; Macours, K; Maluccio, J and Stampini, M |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Publication info: | Journal of Development Effectiveness, 12:3, 187-218, DOI: 10.1080/19439342.2020.1773900 |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Impact evaluation |
Can conditional cash transfers improve maternal health care? Evidence from El Salvador's Comunidades Solidarias Rurales program
| Author: | De Brauw, A. and Peterman, A. |
| Date: | 2020 |
| Publication info: | Health Economics, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4012 |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Impact evaluation |
Long-Term Impacts of Conditional Cash Transfers: Review of the Evidence
| Author: | Millán, T. M., Barham, T., Macours, K., Maluccio, J. A., and Stampini, M. |
| Date: | 2019 |
| Publication info: | The World Bank Research Observer, 34(1), 119–159 |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Impact evaluation |
Six Years of Comunidades Solidarias Rurales: Impacts on School Entry of an Ongoing Conditional Cash Transfer Program in El Salvador
| Author: | Ana Sanchez Chico, Karen Macours, John A. Maluccio, Marco Stampini |
| Date: | 2018 |
| Publication info: | Inter-American Development Bank. Social Protection and Health Division. VI. Series. IDB-WP-908 |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Impact evaluation |
El sistema de protección social universal de El Salvador: posibilidades para la articulación de sus componentes.
| Author: | Rivera, R. |
| Date: | 2016 |
| Publication info: | Project paper, ECLAC |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | General information |
Regression Discontinuity Impacts with an Implicit Index: Evaluating El Salvador’s Comunidades Solidarias Rurales Transfer Programme
| Author: | Alan de Brauw |
| Date: | 2012 |
| Publication info: | Brasilia, IPC One Pager (167), international Poverty Center (IPC) [online] |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Impact evaluation |
Comunidades Solidarias
| Author: | Fondo de Inversión para el Desarrollo Local (FISDL) |
| Date: | 2010 |
| Publication info: | Presentation [online] |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | Results and impacts |
Encarando las limitaciones en la capacidad para transferencias monetarias condicionadas en Latinoamérica: los casos de El Salvador y Paraguay
| Author: | Soares, Fabio and Tatiana Britto |
| Date: | 2007 |
| Publication info: | Brasilia, IPC Working paper (38), international Poverty Center (IPC) [online] |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | General information - Institutionality |
Los desafíos del programa de transferencias monetarias condicionadas en El Salvador, Red Solidaria
| Author: | de Britto, Tatiana |
| Date: | 2008 |
| Publication info: | Brasilia, IPC Country Study (9), international Poverty Center (IPC) [online] |
| Link: | See Webpage |
| Topic: | General information - Institutionality |
